Understandings of "successful aging" among older men across the physical activity spectrum

Abstract

The literature on 'successful aging' indicates that there is no unified definition of this term and that its meaning typically depends on the academic discipline of the researcher or the perspective and circumstances of the older person (Bowling, 2007; Depp & Jeste, 2006). The purpose of this study was to examine older men's understandings of successful aging and the role physical activity plays in shaping these definitions. The sample was 12 men aged 61 – 92 years who ranged from sedentary to elite athletes. Each participant was interviewed about their health, daily activities, exercise, and aging. Interviews ranged from 45 – 90 minutes in length. Findings were interpreted using biomedical and psychosocial approaches to successful aging. Results from the analysis indicated the distinct connection between notions of successful aging and current physical activity levels. Individuals who were highly physically active were more likely to define successful aging in biomedical terms, such as being healthy and exercising, while those who were less active tended to employ a psychosocial approach by describing it in terms of acceptance, happiness, having a purpose post-retirement and being financially secure. This study shows how physical activity involvement, or lack thereof, influences (and is influenced by) the meanings of aging among older men. Such information is important for sport and exercise scientists who are working with older men in physical activity and health contexts.

Acknowledgments: We would like to acknowledge SSHRC for funding support